Safety protection at tunnel portals is particularly important in regions with harsh climates. Geological and climatic hazards such as rockfalls, avalanches, landslides, and snow accumulation often pose risks to the traffic safety of highways and railway tunnels. Therefore, the necessity of installing rockfall and snow protection systems at tunnel entrances has received increasing attention from professionals. The flexible tunnel shed series is one of the best solutions to the geohazard above mentioned. Additionally, installing a rockfall mitigation system or draped mesh system on the unstable rocks or slopes around the tunnel portals is also an effective way to set up a double insurance especially in the high-risk area.

geohazard control in hydraulic engineering such as hydraulic power stations, reservoirs, and river or lake banks, involves measures to prevent or mitigate the impact of falling rocks on hydraulic structures such as dams, bridges, culverts, and channels. These structures are vulnerable to damage from rockfalls, which can occur due to natural processes like weathering, erosion, or seismic activity. Several methods are employed to address rockfall control in hydraulic engineering: 1. Rockfall mitigation system. 2. Rockfall catchment system. 3. Unstable slope stabilization. 4. Revegetation and erosion control.

The shallow landslides attenuating system is a method used in geotechnical engineering and slope stabilization to mitigate the risk of shallow landslides. This system typically involves the implementation of various techniques and structures aimed at reducing the potential for slope failure and minimizing the impact of landslides. By wrapping the gravel slope surface with flexible protective nets and erecting rock barriers at key locations, the system can have a dual protective effect on the shallow landslides.

As one of the most widely used mitigation methods for rockfall, steel nets are commonly used for controlling high-frequency, low-magnitude rockfalls on small to medium slopes. The system consists of various types of flexible nets primarily made of steel wire ropes, which are draped and wrapped around the desired protective slope or rock surface. This serves to restrict the weathering, spalling, or damage of rock surfaces (reinforcement function), or to contain falling rocks within a certain area of movement (maintenance function). There are two primary types of systems: draped and anchored systems. The type and configuration of nets are determined by the intended outcome of mitigation as well as the physical characteristics of the site and rockfall events.